As early as 1842, some promoters of the nation’s transcontinental railroad had selected a route that would cross the Mississippi between Rock City, IL and Davenport, IA. Even though Secretary of War in the Franklin Pierce administration Jefferson Davis attempted to block construction of the Davenport – Rock Island Bridge as he favored a southern route for the transcontinental railroad, this site was chosen based upon a survey done in 1837 by Lt. Robert E. Lee as the river was narrow here and separated by Rock Island, which was once the site of an army fort. This would require a bridge over the body of water on either side of the island plus an embankment across the island. In 1850, the U.S. Congress passed an act granting public lands to railroad companies to encourage the nation’s development. Congress also passed an act in August 1852 granting right-of-way for rail and plank roads on public roads. A railroad bridge company was formed by the Illinois legislature on January 17, 1853 to build, maintain and use a railroad bridge over the Mississippi River, or that portion within the jurisdiction of the State of Illinois at, or near Rock Island in such a manner as shall not materially obstruct or interfere with the free navigation of said river. The Chicago & Rock Island was originally known as the Chicago & LaSalle Railroad chartered on February 22, 1847 connecting Chicago with Rock Island on the Mississippi River between 1852 and 1854 making it the first railroad to reach that part of the river and not crossing it. Built using timber and wrought iron, construction on the Chicago & Rock Island bridge began in 1854 and when it was completed on April 22, 1856 the 1,582 ft. long structure consisted of five 250 ft. spans flanking a single 286 ft. span wooden swing.